Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) Monitoring and Reporting

Abstract

Pharmacovigilance plays a consequential role in the surveillance of adverse drug reactions, which is provoked by the drugs used to cure diseases. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) produce detrimental or undesirable effects to the body after administration of drugs. The aims and objectives of studying adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are to improve patient safety and public health by identifying, assessing, and preventing harmful drug effects. This involves monitoring ADRs, understanding their causes, and disseminating information to healthcare professionals to minimize future occurrences. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are monitored and assessed through various methods, broadly categorized into passive and active surveillance, targeted spontaneous reporting, comparative observational studies, and clinical trials. These methods aim to detect, analyze, and manage ADRs to ensure drug safety. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), also known as side effects, can range from mild and temporary to severe and life-threatening. They are unwanted or undesirable effects of a medication, and can vary based on individual factors like age, other medications, and underlying conditions. Common ADRs include digestive issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation), fatigue, drowsiness, skin reactions, and headaches. Serious ADRs can include liver failure, abnormal heart rhythms, severe allergic reactions, and even death. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are harmful and unintended responses to medications, posing a significant threat to patient safety and healthcare systems. They can lead to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Effective management of ADRs requires a multifaceted approach including accurate identification, reporting, and preventative strategies.